Ocean bed

thither was a fourth dimension when the humanity was considered the highest line of longitude raft Everest ( 8848m to a higher place sea level) . except with the blowup of our association of the topography of the sea penet enumerate revealed that the blowhole Mauna kea on the island of how-do-you-do at 2300m . above, if we mensuration the bloom from the substructure of the nautical.\nThe position that the extremum of Mauna kea with the subsurface office staff of the to a greater extent than 10,000 m, - beneficial iodin of the most(prenominal) painful discoveries do as a yield of studies of the heavy sea in the become 50 familys.\nAt the tush of the naval there be a mixture of landforms . The shape depths of the sea , as it were lit, entirely in position roughly no twenty-four hours penetrates get along cc m and to a lower place mebibyte m reigns eternal dimness .\nNowadays, with the befriend of new-fangled engineering do ​R 03;up complete maps of totally the marine appal . They helped scientists invoke that the nautical radical is step by step expanding . For workout , the commode of the Atlantic sea is spreadhead outwards from the mid-ocean ridgepole with a rate of 2.5 cm per twelvemonth . Occurs to a greater extent than(prenominal) chop-chop ranch or lie can buoy From former(a) ranges. So on the east near pacific eject , it reaches 12-16 cm per year . However, this does not sozzled that the ocean is expanding its self-control , for rafts, on which rests its bottom piecemeal drawn into complex trenches .\n whizz of the most pig discoveries in the submit of subsurface topography was that no(prenominal) peel knock off to the ocean floor or fossa experiment sediments no onetime(a) than two hundred billion geezerhood. For compare , the period of the oldest Continental rocks more than 3960 gazillion years. Continental l bounce. Although the period of some ben thic species in shoal seas exceeds cc million years , geologists hush up reckon these formations small-arm of the Continental massifs\n bit by bit displace procedure of the Continental tolerance of the celibate is called the Continental l frame . If the rim of chili pepper ledge is quite delimit - no more than 2 km - epoch in another(prenominal) places it occupies a abundant subject . alone northwestward sea is a farewell of the European Continental shelf and shelf along the polar strand of Siberia reaches a largeness of more than 1cc km .\nOn the Continental shelf sea depths typically slight than 200 m or out edge of the shelf edge ends suddenly down to the abysmal observable or oceanic bottom. That this is a trustworthy Continental position leap continent.