LEGAL FRAMEWORKS IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT Essay - 1

LEGAL FRAMEWORKS IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT - Essay Example The paper, based on a case will explore applicable legal principles and case laws with the aim of advising a party on its rights, liabilities, possible defences, and remedies based on the case. The rules of law that are applicable to the case involve principles that relates to both trespass and nuisance. The general definition of tort, as a wrongful act, in breach of an agreement or an expected responsibility and which attracts damages, institute rights, and obligations over use of land. The scope of trespass includes unlawful entry into a person’s property, illegal stay within the property or interference with a person’s rights to enjoy rights in his or her property. Trespass can relate either to land, person or property. The legal definition of trespass to land involves â€Å"entering upon land, remaining upon land, or placing or projecting any object† on the piece of land without legal justification or authority from the owner of the land. Some of the elements that constitute trespass to land therefore include entry into the plaintiff’s land or any other property in land such as house or office without consent or legal authority, continuing t o remain in the property without justification, and performing an act that interferes with the plaintiff’s possession and enjoyment of the piece of land. Throwing objects into a person’s piece of land or using an accorded right of entry into a person’s piece of land for any other reason apart from the grounds for which entry is granted also constitutes trespass to land. The core element of trespass to land, that also identifies it from other torts is its direct impacts on the plaintiff’s rights. Based on the definition of land that includes the earth’s surface, and the space above and below the ground, trespass can arise from interference of a person’s right of enjoyment of resources on the surface of the piece of land, above the surface and below the surface (Harpwood, 2008, p. 232). Legal

Affirmative action Essay Example for Free

Affirmative action Essay Diversity is the differences between individuals and groups when looking at gender, cultural and religious beliefs, disabilities, sexual preferences and appearance. Diversity brings strength to society, but unfortunately it is often seen as a problem. Equality is ensuring individuals or groups of individuals are treated fairly and no less favourably, specific to their needs, which include things such as race, gender, age, disabilities etc. Promoting equality should remove discrimination and also allow individuals in society opportunities which are as good as opportunities experienced by other people. Inclusion at its simplest is ‘the state of being included’. Inclusion is to include everyone and meet their differences are respected. Inclusion involves identifying and breaking down barriers that prevent individuals from being involved, taking part or fitting in. Discrimination is to treat someone differently, because either the individual or the individuals’ family are seen as part of a different group in society. The differences between people can lead to animosity, which can cause divisions and conflict in society and may also rise to prejudice. Discrimination doesn’t always only have effect on the individual being discriminated against. In many situations it can also have an effect on friends or families of the individual, those who inflict discrimination and also the wider society. An individual can face many effects due to discrimination. They may begin to feel withdrawn, isolated or depressed. It may also affect their ability to build relationships or even maintain relationships they already have. Physical effects such as headaches, loss or growth of appetite, sleeplessness and lack of energy may also occur. On the other hand discrimination can have a positive effect on an individual, making them emotionally stronger and determined to fight discrimination.  Family members and friends may also be affected seeing their friend or family is being discriminated against. They may distance themselves from the individual or share the individuals’ affects due to concern and hurt. An individual being discriminated against can also have an effect on the wider society. A group of individuals may also share the same quality as the individual being discriminated against, for example, religion. If a Hindu person is being discriminated against, other Hindu individuals may feel withdrawn or scared therefore distance themselves from society in order to avoid being discriminated against as well Those who inflict discrimination are also affected. Discrimination which leads to assuming that certain individuals are inferior to others can lead to them having false views of the world. Inclusive practice is working towards breaking down barriers. When barriers are broken down individuals and groups can begin to feel a part of a diverse society where they can be themselves and treated equally. Having a group of individuals all included in a setting also shows them that all different, diverse individuals are the same and should not be discriminated against. Inclusive practice should help individuals identify differences in a positive way.

Black Man Standing :: essays research papers fc

Black Man Standing: The Media’s Portrayal of African-American Men Documentation Style: MLA Name and Description of Target Audience: Readers of the Chicago Tribune Guest Editorial Section Forum/Genre Paper Would Take in Target Publication: Guest Editorial in the Chicago Tribune Brief Description of Assignment and Instructor Expectations for Critical Thinking: 4 page paper with a 2 source minimum, evaluating media in the terms of values it reinforces or resists, and the consequences this has on specific subgroups or cultures. The media has a powerful influence in the everyday thoughts and lives of Americans. Most Americans wake up in the morning and turn on the TV to see what’s going on in the world as they get ready for work; pick up a newspaper and read it with breakfast; turn on the radio and listen to it in their car on the way to work or school; or we do a combination of the three. The people in charge of the media are also in charge, to a great degree, of how we perceive our world. We can sort through our own thoughts and make our own opinions, but we get our information from the media, and the media decides what to show us in the first place. We look to the media to tell us what is important, what we need to know. We also look to the media for our entertainment. It’s important for us to realize all the roles that media has in our lives and to what extent we are influenced by it, because the media is also responsible for our cultural stereotypes and values.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One major example that I will focus on here is the way that black males are represented. Black men are consistently being portrayed by the media to fit into narrow, stereotypical roles. They are being shown to be less complex, and two dimensional as opposed to the broader range of Caucasian roles and depictions that the media exemplifies. I think this is of great consequence to society, because it effects not only how society perceives black men, but also how black males perceive themselves, and how they think they are supposed to act and be.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Black men are shown less often in the media, especially on primetime TV, but when they are shown you can almost always fit them into one of three categories; 1.) Comedian, 2.) Angry/Jaded, or 3.) Gangster/Thug. Do we as the viewers ever ask ourselves why black males seem to be getting so embarrassingly over-typecast?

Go Ask Alice :: essays research papers

Go Ask Alice This book is actually a real diary, written by a 15 year old American girl who is tossed into the world of drugs. The girl has the "perfect" life but is forced to change from a child to an adult virtually overnight. She develops a crass attitude, and becomes paranoid, all because of her newly found lust for drugs. It didn't just happen overnight. She started to take sleeping pills and tranquilizers to fall asleep but friends slipped her LSD and from then on she was hooked. She felt insecure and alone, so when the "popular group" invited her to join them she leapt at the chance. She fits right in by being introduced to drugs such as Speed and torpedos. She starts to experiment with more use of drugs and pre-marital sex. She starts pushing drugs at school for her new boyfriend Ritchie which will give her a rep she won't be able to shake off father on down the road. It turns out though, that Ritchie is gay as she soon finds out, she was used and feels terrible so†¦.. Feeling her life is depressing, with her parents harping at her about her looks and grades, and her peers ignoring her at her new school, she runs away with a girl a year older than herself, Chris. They go to the city of San Francisco to escape it all. They live in a one bedroom dirty apartment, saving their money until they can open up their own little boutique. They find jobs with wonderful bosses who invite them out. One is a wonderful old man with a large family who accepts them as their own. The other boss is a very wealthy woman who loves to throw parties and lets the girls crash at her place. They think everything is wonderful until one evening they are sitting with her and her boyfriend and they try heroin and then speed and then are brutally raped. They are disgusted with this lifestyle so they head out to start a boutique for themselves. After a while with the boutique the two are over with it and decide to head home, she calls her mother and is picked up the next evening at the airport by her families warm embrace. Christmas time has come and she is happy as can be. No more drugs, happy to be with her family and ready to get rid of her old life and on with the new.

Poem Introductions- Stories of Ourselves Cie

Because I Could Not Stop for Death In â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death,† the author is taken on a metaphorical â€Å"ride† past her entire life and to her end by a personified death. Symbolism, personification and alliteration are used to highlight the fact that she has come to accept fate as natural and is even happy with her new, â€Å"eternal,† life. My Parents Kept Me from Children Who Were Rough â€Å"My Parents Kept Me from Children Who Were Rough† tells of an author looking back on his life as a sheltered, high class boy that is harassed by the town's â€Å"common kids.† He is abused both physically and emotionally while he, following higher class norms, ignores them. Similes, verbs in past tense, diction such as â€Å"kept† and symbolism help describe not only the situation but give insight on the boy's true desire: acceptance. Attack â€Å"Attack† is a poem about fear, anxiety, uncertainty and danger. The author uses imagery, personification and onomatopoeia to paint a picture of war, describe the dangers as â€Å"alive† and out to get you and reflect the quick and crude sound of bombs and bullets. Anthem For Doomed Youth â€Å"Anthem For Doomed Youth† is a tragic depiction of the meaningless and devastating ends young soldiers meet in battle. Their deaths, unhonored, are blended into the overall war landscape of â€Å"stuttering rifles† and â€Å"angered guns.† Alliteration, personification and metaphors are used to illustrate a landscape filled with gun and bomb sounds and dangers that parallel the human condition during the war. My Dreams Are Of A Field Afar â€Å"My Dreams are of a field afar† is a song of guilt in which a man remembers his fallen comrades and laments not having acted in a certain way. The author mentions the fact that he remains alive because, unlike his mates, he failed to react in an honorable and satisfactory manner; this conflict serves as the root of his remorse. One Art In â€Å"One Art,† the author tries to confront her emotions towards losing a loved one by comparing it to many trivial things. The authors hesitation to write at the end and the change in tone when she says â€Å"the art of losing's not too hard† (an obvious diversion from the confidence expressed in previous lines) show that no matter how much she wants to believe that the â€Å"art of losing,† might be perfected to the point of indifference, she will continue to be affected. Personification in the beginning parallels the nature of the more significant loss at the end of the poem. Tears, Idle Tears Tears, Idle Tears is a poem about the past: a past that although filled with happiness and love is remembered as dead with regret and sadness. Using metaphors, imagery and the repetition of the last line in each stanza, the author paints a picture of a beautiful â€Å"before† that has somehow been lost. Death is made a synonym of that love that once was, but is now a thing of the past. Because I liked You Better â€Å"Because I Like You Better† is a poem of unreciprocated love, a love so strong it was willing to deny itself for the other’s sake. Metaphors are used to see exemplify the effect actions and events have on the author, i.e pain and reluctant agreement. The author might, to a degree, be scornful of his situation since he decides to, without much trouble, accept rejection and describes his love as â€Å"†¦better than suits a man to say.†

Police Brutality Essay Essay Essay Example

Police Brutality Essay Essay Essay Example Police Brutality Essay Essay Essay Police Brutality Essay Essay Essay Introduction: Surveies has shown that constabulary are more likely to mistreat inkinesss instead than Whites and this is caused by racial profiling. But through the history of constabulary ferociousness. constabulary ferociousness was foremost used after a constabulary officer was described crushing a civilian in 1633. Police ferociousness is the maltreatment of force and it is normally through physical. But there are other ways to mistreat which are verbally and sometimes psychologically and this is done by a federal or province governments which are the constabulary officers. The history of constabulary ferociousness has been a rhythm and the phrases are really force. corruptness and better on what is incorrect. These has been a rhythm for many old ages through constabulary ferociousness. Police ferociousness exists in many states and non merely in the US. African American are ever targeted as â€Å"bad† people and this besides proves that there are inequality within the black community a nd the universe. There are besides certain misconducted signifiers of ferociousness but some of these are truly common in our society which are racial profiling. corruptness. false apprehension and infixing fright into civilians. There are many other instances that were really targeted chiefly on inkinesss and this causes unjust justness. Police’s docket is to fundamentally contend and protect civilians every bit good as being the peace keepers and neer being the 1 that harm any civilians without proper blessing or warrant to an apprehension or to an even greater extend which is physically. verbally or psychologically harming the opposed civilian on the error he/she has done. Polices are the 1s that set an image towards the society so that people can really follow them and believe they are making the right thing. nevertheless it is a truly distressing affair cognizing that constabulary does racial profiling particularly compared to Whites and inkinesss. And hence. this research paper is about constabulary will most probably be more important to inkinesss compare to Whites and this is known as racial profiling. Police ferociousness and racism in the United states Police ferociousness and racism has played a large function in degrading the safeness of US every bit good as degrading the repute of the governments through these jobs. there are significantly immense sum of statistics studies on constabularies ferociousness. Even though these instances are brought up to tribunal. out of 5986 studies merely 33 % went through strong belief and 64 % received prison sentences. American constabulary officers have used deadly arms to kill more than terrorist did since the Vietnam War. And at least one time a twelvemonth. there is ever a individual beaten by a Police Officer. And this is ever shown as abusive of authorization. Although perpetrating a offense is illegal. constabularies have no rights to mistreat their rights through physical or verbal actions. Although physical maltreatment brings physical hurting and such but verbal maltreatment has really proved that it would be more harmful to that victim. As in one of the instances. a police officer re ally insulted the victim till the victim killed himself out of choler. Wordss can really intend a batch towards a human being and constabularies officers think that they won’t be charged with any discourtesy through dissing verbally alternatively of physical maltreatment can really do job towards these constabulary officers. Harmonizing to a research. every twelvemonth about 261 constabularies officers are involved with constabularies ferociousness and merely approximately 27 per centum of these victims are involved in jurisprudence suits. In many instances. bulk of these victims are really African Americans that were abused by the jurisprudence that are supposed to protect them. And the research besides shows that there is a consequence of 382 deceases out of 5986 studies. Other than the statistics. there is besides a few groups of people which are aged. drug nuts. female and weak people. Police would take advantage of this to brutalise them while infixing fright in them through endangering for an illustration. constabulary officers might endanger them about their household members and if they were to describe anything the constabulary officer would collar or handle their household members the same manner they were being treated and this would decidedly infix fright into the victims. That is why some instances were reported as bogus issues because victims themselves do non desire to acknowledge the truth being worried of being physically or verbally abused once more. Overall. if a constabulary officer was found mistreating a victim. their rights as a constabulary would likely be revoked and merely prison sentence up to 14 months averagely and this is unjust to all the other offense wrongdoers every bit good as the victims because 14 months is a truly short clip which these victims might be abused one time once more when these constabulary officers are discharged from their responsibility and/or the prison. Racial profiling in the US among police officers There are a batch of known instances of constabulary ferociousness particularly on inkinesss on racial profiling. But harmonizing to an article in 2012. a black individual is killed by a security officer every 28 hours. As it was besides stated in this article. that African-Americans are about 13. 1 % of the state population but it has about covered 40 % of the prison’s population. Besides. inkinesss sometimes do sell drugs and is the same as white but they have a higher per centum of acquiring arrested for drugs than Whites and this is racial profiling. Black wrongdoers besides decidedly receive a longer sentence comparison to white wrongdoers. Other than that. most of the inkinesss killed were unarmed. which harmonizing to the study. 44 % of inkinesss was killed even though there was no mark of arm. 27 % deceases are claimed that the suspect had a gun but there was no prove to this. 2 % had little arms such as knifes. large scissors and cutters or any other similar arms. and merely approximately 20 % had guns or deathly arms. Most officers that killed inkinesss claim that they were afraid and they were seeking to protect themselves so they have been force to open fire. These constabulary officers open fire if they feel like they are being threaten. for an illustration. the fishy running off from the bulls. driving towards to bulls or acquiring something from their waist. Police officers do non reason if the suspect does hold a arm or non and yet merely utilize lifelessly force to work out the issue. In one of the known instances of an African American acquiring shot by a police officer. the fishy name is Oscar Grant 22 twelvemonth old. and was shot by Johannes Mehserle a constabulary officer. The constabulary officer claimed that Grant had a gun even though Grant was subdued by other officers which is non justified because Oscar Grant was already being subdued by other officers and yet Johannes Mehserle still fired his arm at Oscar Grant. A few other illustrations of African American being assaulted without justified grounds are Rodney King. Sean Bell. and many other more. Rodney King was drunk on that dark on March 2. 1991. He was rushing on the expressway and that was when the constabulary officers attempted to draw him over. but Rodney King resisted. Once they manage to acquire Rodney King out of the vehicle. a group of officers tried to repress Rodney King and used taser every bit good. Rodney King was kicked at the caput and besides was beaten with truncheons. But lucky plenty. King’s injuries wasn’t truly serious but it left him with a twosome of contusions and besides a facial fractured bone. Sean Bell was killed by a constabulary undercover squad which fired 50 times at the auto Bell and his friends were siting in. it happened outside a strip nine because he was holding his bachelor’s party on that dark. A police officer really overheard that the friend speaking about acquiring his gun. so in order to forestall the shot from go oning. the constabulary officers opened fired at the auto. And that was when Sean Bell passed off instantly on the scene. The investigators were non charged guilty of manslaughter on that dark. And these are some of the instances African American’s are really confronting and this is why US should implement a heavier regulation on racial profiling. Actions of constabulary ferociousness on selected victims through racial profiling The actions that were used on inkinesss were more important comparison to Whites such as verbal persuasion. unarmed physical force. force utilizing non-lethal arms. force utilizing impact arms and lifelessly force. There was a instance which verbal persuasion really lead the victim to perpetrating suicide out of choler that has stated and it was cause by a constabulary. these African Americans were frequently called monikers like â€Å"nigger† . â€Å"negro† and many other monikers. This can do an impact on how they feel. it will neer be shown through physical but ever inside them. That is why verbal persuasion is truly negative towards a victim. Unarmed physical force can do external harm but really. besides internal because you would experience the depression on African American are seen as a minority and they know that their race will be discriminated against. As seen in some instances. African American was treated more crucially than Whites. in one of the instance. the black refused to travel into the officer’s lunchroom and the following thing he knows is his caput nailing through a home base glass window. If it was a white. it is truly obvious that the constabulary would let him to remain outside the lunchroom and delay for other processs. Non-lethal arms that were used on inkinesss are more important. inkinesss were Taser multiple times which causes a great hurting to them and in one of the instances late. the victim was Taser to decease. Force utilizing impact arms has besides been an issue towards African American. in Walmart US. an African American went to pick up a BB rifle and he was merely beckoning the gun about. after that the constabulary came and inquire him to demilitarize the gun as non cognizing that was merely a BB rifle. Regardless. the dissension from the constabulary. the constabulary shouldn’t have fired a fatal shooting on the victim and why is the victim shooting keeping a BB gun in a BB gun shop. Decision In decision. the research has shown that constabulary are more likely to be important towards inkinesss instead than Whites and this is caused by racial profiling. As from the research above. we can reason that constabulary has been important towards African American. But we should besides better the systems that US is utilizing which is really people’s head set. A simple thing can go a great job. particularly in racism constabulary should non be bias about a offense which is done by a certain race but seting all the races together as one. Police’s occupation description is to contend justness and convey peace to civils and non being the one interrupting the jurisprudence. It will neer be a good image towards civils. Solutions can be implemented through federal governments. by guaranting that maltreatments such as anguish. inordinate sum of force will non go on and these officers that had broken the jurisprudence should be accounted for and be brought to justness. Like some of the instances. the jury would state that the constabulary is at his/her rights and merely hold a prison sentence up to 14 months mean. This encourages constabularies to non be afraid because it would merely be a short clip for sentence and be make bolding to make what is right. This would besides act upon the new constabulary campaigners that assailing would non acquire them into a truly large job. The federal governments should besides implement solutions such as entering the actions a constabulary officer used through a camera or being supervised by the squad leader. Street cameras are truly of import for this affair which they can ever mention back to the scene and watch how the victim was treated by constabulary officers and this would decidedly do US a better topographic point alternatively of know aparting the minorities which is the African American but these solution applies to all the races but specifically for African American in order for them to be able to populate every bit like all the other races without any misjudgment or favoritism through racial profiling. Mentions 99 Percentage Of Police Brutality Complaints Go Uninvestigated In Central NewJersey: Report. 2014. 99 Percentage Of Police Brutality Complaints Go Uninvestigated In Central New Jersey: Report. [ ONLINE ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. huffingtonpost. com/2014/01/07/police-brutality-new-jersey-report_n_4555166. hypertext markup language. [ Accessed 26 October 2014 ] . 4 Unarmed Black Men Have Been Killed By Police in the Last Month | Mother Jones. 2014. 4 Unarmed Black Men Have Been Killed By Police in the Last Month | Mother Jones. [ ONLINE ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. motherjones. com/politics/2014/08/3-unarmed-black-african-american-men-killed-police. [ Accessed 26 October 2014 ] . How Often are Unarmed Black Men Shot Down By Police? . 2014. How Often are Unarmed Black Men Shot Down By Police? . [ ONLINE ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. dailykos. com/story/2014/08/24/1324132/-How-Often-are-Unarmed-Black-Men-Shot-Down-By-Police # . [ Accessed 26 October 2014 ] . Ferguson constabularies committed human rights misdemeanors during Michael Brown protests | Daily Mail Online. 2014. Ferguson police committed human rights misdemeanors during Michael Brown protests | Daily Mail Online. [ ONLINE ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. dailymail. co. uk/news/article-2806085/Ferguson-police-committed-human-rights-violations-Michael-Brown-protests-Amnesty-International-claims. hypertext markup language. [ Accessed 26 October 2014 ] . Police ferociousness | Law Teacher. 2014. Police ferociousness | Law Teacher. [ ONLINE ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. lawteacher. net/criminology/essays/police-brutality. php. [ Accessed 26 October 2014 ] . The Color of Justice – Constitutional Rights Foundation. 2014. The Color of Justice – Constitutional Rights Foundation. [ ONLINE ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. crf-usa. org/brown-v-board-50th-anniversary/the-color-of-justice. hypertext markup language. [ Accessed 26 October 2014 ] . Presentation to Hearing on Police Brutality A ; Misconduct – Richie Perez.

General Braxton Bragg in the Civil War

General Braxton Bragg in the Civil War Braxton Bragg - Early Life: Born March 22, 1817, Braxton Bragg was the son of a carpenter in Warrenton, NC. Educated locally, Bragg yearned to be accepted by the higher elements of antebellum society. Often rejected as a young man, he developed an abrasive personality that became one of his trademarks. Leaving North Carolina, Bragg enrolled at West Point. A gifted student, he graduated in 1837, ranked fifth in a class of fifty, and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 3rd US Artillery. Sent south, he played an active role in the Second Seminole War (1835-1842) and later traveled to Texas following the American annexation. Braxton Bragg - Mexican-American War: With tensions heightening along the Texas-Mexico border, Bragg played a key role in the defense of Fort Texas (May 3-9, 1846). Effectively working his guns, Bragg was brevetted to captain for his performance. With the relief of the fort and the opening of the Mexican-American War, Bragg became part of Major General Zachary Taylors Army of Occupation. Promoted to captain in the regular army in June 1846, he took part in the victories at the Battles of Monterrey and Buena Vista, earning brevet promotions to major and lieutenant colonel. During the Buena Vista campaign, Bragg befriended the commander of the Mississippi Rifles, Colonel Jefferson Davis. Returning to frontier duty, Bragg earned a reputation as a strict disciplinarian and an obsessive follower of military procedure. This reputedly led to two attempts on his life by his men in 1847. In January 1856, Bragg resigned his commission and retired to the life of a sugar planter in Thibodaux, LA. Known for his military record, Bragg became active with the state militia with the rank of colonel. Braxton Bragg - Civil War: Following Louisianas secession from the Union on January 26, 1861, Bragg was promoted to major general in the militia and given command of forces around New Orleans. The following month, with the Civil War about to begin, he was transferred to the Confederate Army with the rank of brigadier general. Ordered to lead Southern troops around Pensacola, FL, he oversaw the Department of West Florida and was promoted to major general on September 12. The following spring, Bragg was directed to bring his men north to Corinth, MS to join General Albert Sidney Johnstons new Army of Mississippi. Leading a corps, Bragg took part in the Battle of Shiloh on April 6-7, 1862. In the fighting, Johnston was killed and command devolved to General P.G.T. Beauregard. After the defeat, Bragg was promoted to general and, on May 6, given command of the army. Shifting his base to Chattanooga, Bragg began planning a campaign into Kentucky with the goal of bringing the state into the Confederacy. Capturing Lexington and Frankfort, his forces began moving against Louisville. Learning of the approach of superior forces under Major General Don Carlos Buell, Braggs army fell back to Perryville. On October 8, the two armies fought to a draw at the Battle of Perryville. Though his men had gotten the better of the fighting, Braggs position was precarious and he elected to fall back through the Cumberland Gap into Tennessee. On November 20, Bragg renamed his force the Army of Tennessee. Assuming a position near Murfreesboro, he fought Major General William S. Rosecranss Army of the Cumberland on December 31, 1862-January 3, 1863. After two days of heavy fighting near Stones River, which saw Union troops repel two major Confederate attacks, Bragg disengaged and fell back to Tullahoma, TN. In the wake of the battle, several of his subordinates lobbied to have him replaced citing the failures at Perryville and Stones River. Unwilling to relieve his friend, Davis, now the Confederate president, instructed the General Joseph Johnston, commander of Confederate forces in the West, to relieve Bragg if he though it necessary. Visiting the army, Johnston found morale to be high and retained the unpopular commander. On June 24, 1863, Rosecrans initiated a brilliant campaign of maneuver which forced Bragg out of his position at Tullahoma. Falling back to Chattanooga, insubordination from his subordinates worsened and Bragg began to find orders being ignored. Crossing the Tennessee River, Rosecrans began pushing into northern Georgia. Reinforced by Lieutenant General James Longstreets corps, Bragg moved south to intercept the Union troops. Engaging Rosecrans at the Battle of Chickamauga on September 18-20, Bragg won a bloody victory and forced Rosecrans to retreat to Chattanooga. Following, Braggs army penned the Army of the Cumberland in the city and laid siege. While the victory allowed Bragg to transfer out many of his enemies, dissent continued to foment and Davis was forced to visit the army to assess the situation. Electing to side with his former comrade, he decided to leave Bragg in place and denounced those generals who opposed him. To save Rosecrans army, Major General Ulysse S. Grant was dispatched with reinforcements. Opening a supply line to the city, he prepared to attack Braggs lines atop heights that surrounded Chattanooga. With Union strength growing, Bragg elected to detach Longstreets corps to capture Knoxville. On November 23, Grant opened the Battle of Chattanooga. In the fighting, Union troops succeeded in driving Braggs men off of Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge. The Union attack on the latter shattered the Army of Tennessee and sent it retreating towards Dalton, GA. On December 2, 1863, Bragg resigned from command of the Army of Tennessee and traveled to Richmond the following February to serve as Davis military advisor. In this capacity he successfully worked to make the Confederacys conscription and logistical systems function more efficiently. Returned to the field, he was given command of the Department of North Carolina on November 27, 1864. Moving through several coastal commands, he was at Wilmington in January 1865, when Union forces won the Second Battle of Fort Fisher. During the fighting, he was unwilling to move his men from the city to aid the fort. With Confederate armies crumbling, he briefly served in Johnstons Army of Tennessee at the Battle of Bentonville and ultimately surrendered to Union forces near Durham Station. Braxton Bragg - Later Life: Returning to Louisiana, Bragg oversaw the New Orleans Waterworks and later became chief engineer for the state of Alabama. In this role he oversaw numerous harbor improvements at Mobile. Moving to Texas, Bragg worked as a railroad inspector until his sudden death on September 27, 1876. Though a brave officer, Braggs legacy was tarnished by his severe disposition, lack of imagination on the battlefield, and unwillingness to follow-up successful operations. Selected Sources Civil War: Braxton BraggCivil War Trust: General Braxton BraggGeneral Braxton Bragg

Solar Energy Houses

Solar Energy Houses The mitigation of climate change has taken drastic steps as global warming is happening faster than expected. Dodds, Higman and Sherman (17) explain that there are various suggestions that have been made on how to reduce the impact of climate change.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Solar Energy Houses specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One such suggestion is the acceptance and use of solar energy houses. Solar energy houses are houses that do not use electrical power that is made through processes that emit carbon dioxide. The electrical energy that is used is derived from solar power. The houses are installed with panels that convert sunlight into electrical energy. There are various benefits of using solar energy houses. One such advantage is that it reduces the use of power that is made through processes that encourage emission of carbon dioxide. McKinney et al. (232) explain that many countries currently use electr ical power that is produced through generator cells. The process of burning fuel to create energy emits carbon dioxide, which is in turn expelled into the atmosphere. The increased emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere causes the increased atmospheric carbon dioxide. This, in turn, affects global warming and climate change. The solar energy houses do not emit carbon dioxide. Therefore, they help reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. In the same breadth, another advantage of the solar energy houses is that they reduce the emission of carbon dioxide through other processes. There are many human activities that emit carbon dioxide. For example, cooking with charcoal or firewood, lighting firewood in the fireplace to keep warm, and cooking using gas all lead to the emission of carbon dioxide. The use of solar power can allow individuals to stop depending on fossil fuels. For example, the use of solar power can allow a person to cook with the clean electrical power. Given solar power is significantly free, there would be no worries of an increasing electricity bill. Similarly, the use of charcoal and gas will be reduced. This will, in turn, reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that is released into the atmosphere. Heaters and other appliances at home would also depend on the clean solar power.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Dodds, Highman and Sherman (246) also explain that the use of solar energy houses can help reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that is emitted from greenhouses. The greenhouses can use solar photons to this end. There have been researches that show that the photons can be converted into chemical energy, which in turn can be used in the greenhouses. The chemical fuel will allow photosynthesis to take place without the use of direct sunrays. Enhanced photosynthesis will mean that there will be more intake of carbon di oxide and release of oxygen. It is also important to mention that solar energy houses encourages the use of charcoal fuel in the third world countries. Considering that the third world countries receive many hours of sunlight, they are more suitable for this particular action. The third world countries have been using compressed cooking gas and charcoal to cook. The cutting down of trees to make charcoal reduces photosynthesis. As mentioned, photosynthesis helps with the reduction of atmospheric carbon dioxide. A lot still needs to be done to control the rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide. However, one of the steps that would help reduce the release of carbon dioxide is the acceptance and use of solar energy houses. Dodds, Felix, Andrew Highman, and Richard Sherman. Climate Change And Energy Insecurity: The Challenge For Peace, Security And Development. New York: Routledge, 2012. Print McKinney, L. Michael, Robert M. Schoch, and ‎ Logan Yonavjak. Environmental Science: System s and Solutions. Sudbury: Jones Bartlett Learning, 2007. Print

Film Analysis of Gandhi Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Film Analysis of Gandhi - Movie Review Example From the film, Gandhi has the vision of taking up Indian independence (Attenborough, 1982). He is seen to abandon all the worldly belongings for the struggle for Indian independence (Attenborough, 1982). Despite the numerous resistances, he is more determined to win the freedom of his people without shedding innocent blood. Gandhi, can in this instance be described as a visionary leader (Attenborough, 1982). Ability entails the leader being conversant with the job at hand, and have up to the minute skills of formulating plans that allow for completion of the task at hand (Curtis &Manning, 2003). In the event that the leader is not able to deal with the employees and the organization at large, then disrespect from the employees is bound to occur, as the followers are always in anticipation of tough decisions from the leaders (Curtis &Manning, 2003). Even in times when Gandhi was jailed and faced a lot of opposition from the South Africans, he did not forget to confirm to his followers, that the Indian population is a frustrated and an oppressed lot, and that they have to strive for their rights. It is this leader with ability that led the Salt March in 1930 (Attenborough, 1982). Curtis &Manning (2003) say that enthusiasm in leaders is vital for attracting the followers to the challenges of the organization, and accepts the same challenges. This enthusiasm triggers goal-directed actions, and ultimately the entire organization is directed towards one goal of attaining results (Curtis &Manning, 2003). Gandhi is no doubt an enthusiastic leader who first faces oppression; jail terms, but later comes up with ashrams, villages where people share resources communally, without fear of intimidation (Attenborough, 1982). Twenty two years into the fight for independence, Gandhi had managed to get a backing for his role in the

Criminal Justice - Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Criminal Justice - - Essay Example In Shawshank Redemption, Andy was imprisoned after killing his wife and her lover despite his claims of innocence. After the prison warder had realized that Andy was an accountant by profession, he began protecting him. This is because he knew that he would assist him in his money laundering scam (Cole, Christopher and Christina 95). Conover’s depiction of prison guards is different from that of Shawshank Redemption. This is because Conover condemned the bad picture, which portrays the correctional officers as bad people, mindlessly authoritarian, and inherently sadistic. For example, Conover demonstrated this by acting as an example in Sing Sing Prison. He interacted with prison wardens and inmates closely unlike at first where there was a greater gap between the correctional officers, prison wardens, and inmates. Conover described this portrayal as unsympathetic and inaccurate image of the guards. Conover portrayed prison guards as multidimensional characters. This is because they are neither good nor bad, but they are simply struggling in difficult circumstances. Conover recommended that the prison guards should be given full support since they have critical roles in administering justice. This is in terms of working environment, remuneration, and housing. It has been obvious that inmates are the most brutalized in the prisons. This is because guards are mistreating them by denying them their rights in the prison. For example, they might be bitten to an extent that they are injured. Others go for some days without food and even taking bath. The brutal exercise might even extend to other people who are not in prison. These are, for example, the relatives of the inmates. The relatives are coming to the prison to visit their people, but they are sometimes denied to talk or even greet the inmates. Though they are not physically brutalized, they are psychologically disturbed

Elijah Muhammad Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Elijah Muhammad - Research Paper Example This research is going to evaluate Elijah Muhammad’s achievements in his life. The research paper also examines Muhammad’s life history and his relationship with other African-American muslim leaders like Wallace Fard Muhammad. According to Ogbar & Jeffrey (79), Elijah Muhammad was born in 1897 and at that time had a different name; Elijah Poole. According to different authors, Muhammad led African-American Muslims for 40 years. Life was not easy for Muhammad at his young age since he came from a family of 13 children. Living conditions at the time were unbearable; he had to undergo the normal routine of helping the family raise the money for basic needs. This forced him to drop out of school early between the fourth and eighth grade of elementary school. The authors explain that most of the Southerners in Georgia had to drop out of school at a young age to take up responsibilities of assisting their parents in small jobs to raise money to help their families. The livin g conditions of African-American Southerners in Georgia at the time of Muhammad’s young age were harsh. White individuals were promoting the anti-black slogan where African-Americans people were treated badly and beaten to death. Muhammad saw the white population’s brutality and decided to leave for Detroit. Two African-American people were lynched to death, which this was the turning point for Muhammad after which he decided to leave the place (Ogbar & Jeffrey 79). Muhammad moved to Detroit where he met one of the founders of the African-American Muslims fellowship, Wallace Fard Muhammad. He then changed his name from his original name, Elijah Poole, and was also taught about Islam by Wallace. According to Muhammad (1), Elijah Muhammad’s teachings by the founder of the African-American Muslims made him expand the fellowship to other places within the United States. The encounter with the African-American Muslim’s founder and the time the teachings took p lace between them is estimated to be three and half years. From that point, Elijah Muhammad took over the leadership of the African-American Muslims, which is seen to have been promoted by the disappearance of Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1934. The relationship between the two leaders of African-American Muslims, Wallace and Elijah Muhammad, started because of the suffering the African-American were experiencing from white people. According to Muhammad (1), Wallace Fard Muhammad started the movement and recruited a large number of African-Americans among them Elijah Muhammad. The teachings of Wallace are seen to have brought the African-Americans together into the formation of the African-American Muslim group. Most of the African-American were living in harsh conditions under the expense of the white people. Wallace taught African-Americans that Christianity promoted by the whites had made them suffer and to be enslaved by the whites. Ogbar & Jeffrey (79) point out that Wallace talked to the African-American people saying that white people were not original, that they were genetically modified evils and there was a need to separate African-American individuals from the white evils. After the disappearance of Wallace, Elijah Muhammad took over, taught the African-Americans and made changes, mostly economic, which would help them move away from the suffering of the white peop

Public Speaking Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Public Speaking - Speech or Presentation Example This only occurs when the speaker has a wide database of information to stand on and speak aloud of and in. Such questions which could be probed into are the following (which are broad lines to what should be asked)worth asking and must be asked to the representative are such as follows(in means and understanding that whether the speakers would be interested in the following questions or not when spoken about to them): The information to convey should be positively building a view of the scope of the company the speaker is speaking about. How far interested are they in the development of the speech into other components of discussion such as administration management of females and males relation in the office and ability to communicate between both genders in the company. The activities that are discussed concerning the look and overlook of the women to a male discussion and what men see and convey from meanings and what women tend to understand and what men in return tend to understand when women speak to them or discuss a topic with them. AreAre the executives willing to probe into such discussions Can the speaker openly discuss the opinions from a social point of view and personal to find a policy that is effective and reaching between two extremes (the manner of behavioral attitudes between men and women at work). Having on mind that men and women have examples of conveying understanding through physical appearances and jestures: how could I tell that the board is accepting what I say and what I do not say(men tend to be up and straight-forward and women could be quiet and chit chat among themselves). What are the issues that the board needs to discuss mainly (social, political, economical..) What trials

Elijah Muhammad Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Elijah Muhammad - Research Paper Example This research is going to evaluate Elijah Muhammad’s achievements in his life. The research paper also examines Muhammad’s life history and his relationship with other African-American muslim leaders like Wallace Fard Muhammad. According to Ogbar & Jeffrey (79), Elijah Muhammad was born in 1897 and at that time had a different name; Elijah Poole. According to different authors, Muhammad led African-American Muslims for 40 years. Life was not easy for Muhammad at his young age since he came from a family of 13 children. Living conditions at the time were unbearable; he had to undergo the normal routine of helping the family raise the money for basic needs. This forced him to drop out of school early between the fourth and eighth grade of elementary school. The authors explain that most of the Southerners in Georgia had to drop out of school at a young age to take up responsibilities of assisting their parents in small jobs to raise money to help their families. The livin g conditions of African-American Southerners in Georgia at the time of Muhammad’s young age were harsh. White individuals were promoting the anti-black slogan where African-Americans people were treated badly and beaten to death. Muhammad saw the white population’s brutality and decided to leave for Detroit. Two African-American people were lynched to death, which this was the turning point for Muhammad after which he decided to leave the place (Ogbar & Jeffrey 79). Muhammad moved to Detroit where he met one of the founders of the African-American Muslims fellowship, Wallace Fard Muhammad. He then changed his name from his original name, Elijah Poole, and was also taught about Islam by Wallace. According to Muhammad (1), Elijah Muhammad’s teachings by the founder of the African-American Muslims made him expand the fellowship to other places within the United States. The encounter with the African-American Muslim’s founder and the time the teachings took p lace between them is estimated to be three and half years. From that point, Elijah Muhammad took over the leadership of the African-American Muslims, which is seen to have been promoted by the disappearance of Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1934. The relationship between the two leaders of African-American Muslims, Wallace and Elijah Muhammad, started because of the suffering the African-American were experiencing from white people. According to Muhammad (1), Wallace Fard Muhammad started the movement and recruited a large number of African-Americans among them Elijah Muhammad. The teachings of Wallace are seen to have brought the African-Americans together into the formation of the African-American Muslim group. Most of the African-American were living in harsh conditions under the expense of the white people. Wallace taught African-Americans that Christianity promoted by the whites had made them suffer and to be enslaved by the whites. Ogbar & Jeffrey (79) point out that Wallace talked to the African-American people saying that white people were not original, that they were genetically modified evils and there was a need to separate African-American individuals from the white evils. After the disappearance of Wallace, Elijah Muhammad took over, taught the African-Americans and made changes, mostly economic, which would help them move away from the suffering of the white peop

Theoretical aspects of the phenomenon of child soldiers and scientific Essay

Theoretical aspects of the phenomenon of child soldiers and scientific issues related to the topic - Essay Example During colonial campaigns, armies would capture the children of prominent chieftains and raise them according to the colonial nation’s customs and laws. Nazi Germany used Hitler Youth movement to try to fight the Allied forces in the closing days of World War II. However each of these cases was isolated by time and geography. They were also exceptions to the level of armed combat which children performed. Ancient wars involved minors as charioteers and armor bearers for adult warriors. This practice can be found in the Bible. War in the middle ages was fought by strong men who had the physical strength to fight in those wars. Children were only used for support roles as they could not be participants in armed combat. The Roman army for instance required physical fitness as criteria for military service which only adult combatants could perform. Fighting with swords, spears, shields and heavy weapons required the use of adult combatants. During the middle ages, military units comprised of knights, heavy cavalry and infantry were extensively used in combat. They used armor and weapons which only adults could perform. The modern era of warfare began with the use of gunpowder. The modern nature of conflict saw the extensive use of muskets, cannons and cavalry against opponents. The weapons and training required to operate these weapons could only be performed by adult combatants. The adv ent of the industrial age also revolutionized the concept of warfare. By the twentieth century, modern armies were now using tanks, cannons, artillery, fighter jets, submarines and naval warships against each other. Again the use of children was mostly for support roles rather than combat purposes since the expertise required to train and use these weapons was only possible for adult combatants. During the middle ages, young boys were used as squires but their

On the Meaning of Life - John Cottingham Essay Example for Free

On the Meaning of Life John Cottingham Essay What is our relationship with the universe – who are we and how did we come to be seems to be the ultimate question of the meaning of life. This question has always sparked powerful debates between the views of the religious and modern science. Many believe this topic is a one-sided issue where these views cannot co-exist with one another, either one’s a theist, believing in God as the soul creator and ruler of the universe or an atheist, disbelieving of a supreme being or beings. But in actuality, modern science does not count against the nature of a divine creator behind the universe. So as modern science offers an account of how things happened, religious beliefs account for a certain aspect of â€Å"why,† aiming towards finding significance and value. In On The Meaning of Life, John Cottingham argues in order to have meaning, you must not eliminate one theory from the other; modern science and religion must co-exist together. First, what’s the meaning of modern science, and why does it contribute to the meaning of life? Philosopher Rene Descartes believed in mechanism, a theory holding that organisms are machines in the sense that they are material systems, therefore explains biological processes, within the framework of science. In order to discover a fundamental set of principles that is â€Å"based ultimately on the universal laws of mathematical physics that governed the behavior of all natural phenomena, celestial and terrestrial alike,† (6) Descartes banish teleology (any system attempting to explain a series of events in terms of ends, goals, or purposes) from science. He believed in order to conceive this unified theory there was no room for purposiveness, and since this universal law was made of mathematical physics, â€Å"there was no attainable answer to the question why† (6). But Cottingham thinks if we were to achieve and complete a [super-theory linking gravity and quantum physics] together to answer the ultimate question, we still would [fall short of explaining why there should be a universe at all]. Cottingham’s belief is acceptable because if this super-theory was completed, that included all observable phenomena in the universe, this theory still would not answer the question to â€Å"why is it so. † This is where science has reached its limits. Religion takes off of where science can no longer be held accountable to the meaning of life. Why should there be a universe there to explain? Unlike the language of science, religious language â€Å"grapples with the task of addressing what cannot be fully captured by even the most complete scientific account of the phenomenal world† (8). Instead of finding significance in terms of physical quantities and mechanical interactions, religious language reflects on the universes power, beauty, rhythm, and harmony. Therefore, religious discourse pushes the limits of the observable, towards uncovering something beyond the phenomenal world, in hopes of giving meaning to the universe and to our human lives. Cottingham believes religion â€Å"adds a framework within which that nature is revealed as more than just a set of characteristics†¦ encourages us with the hope that the pursuit of virtue†¦ contributes to the establishment of moral order that the cosmos was created to realize† (72). In other words, the religious perspective offers a possibility for human purposeness by providing a powerful focus on moral goodness. Religious discourse is important because since science accounts for how the universe and humans were made. We feel that we are thrown into this world where nothing ultimately matters, but religion offers hope, value and significance towards life. After examining the different aspects modern science and religion brings to the ultimate question, Cottingham urges to combine the language of science and religion together in order to have meaning. Cottingham states â€Å"in strict logic there is nothing to prevent such a purely mechanical system (of efficient causality) coexisting with a purposive system (of final causality)† (48). Therefore we must not eliminate the possibility of the two systems (modern science and religion) existing together. Philosopher Leibniz’s envisioned a world of spiritual purposes functioning in harmony with the world of physical mechanisms. This is also known as blind mechanical systems, â€Å"whose outputs, at the same time, constitute the purpose planning and doings of conscious agents† (48). Believing mechanisms and purposes could together provide an instance in support of the ultimate question of the universe. In addition, Spinoza had a parallel vision to Leibniz. He believed the universe of physical mechanisms (under the attribute of extension) exactly corresponds to spiritual ideas linking meaning and purpose to a willed creator (under the attribute of thought). Thus, we are dealing with [one and the same thing but expressed in two ways]. This showed Cottingham that since there has been no evidence to favor modern science of being the explanation of a divine nature, it does not logically eliminate the possibility of a divine creator of its meaning. So where science accounts for our human nature and origin, saying we have no ultimate significance, spirituality offers human life a sense of value. Darwin’s theory of natural selection opposes the possibility of linking modern science and religion together in one system. In order to get a sense of what threatens the framework of religion, this is the standard account of our human nature and origin: About fourteen billion years ago, the cosmos†¦including matter, radiation, space and time somehow began, exploding from a tiny concentration of matter-space energy†¦gravitational effects caused matter to clump into hydrogen masses†¦fusing into helium. Explosions caused new heavier elements, which formed into plants. On at least one planet, a self-replicating molecule arose†¦evolved into living organisms, which diversified into all kinds of plants, animals, microbes etc. , all solely as a result of natural selection. After millions of years one such species became intelligent. Man is a product of these blind forces. The main conclusion from this theory is that the universe and everything in it is a result of natural selection, including humans therefore Nottingham presumes â€Å"there is no ultimate significance to the universe or to human life,† (42) throwing out the idea of any religious significance. Darwin believed that human origin came from a purely accidental chain of blind natural forces. His view gave no choice or purposiveness in the divine nature, because everything was an entirely impersonal process. But Cottingham argues although this discovery has been scientifically accounted for, it is based on interwoven interpretation, an â€Å"interpretation that goes far beyond the truths and hypotheses that pertain strictly to the natural science† (43). And that viewing religious thought as something able to be replaced by modern science is strictly a metathesis â€Å"-a claim that operates at one remove from the claims of science itself† (43). As a result, Darwin’s theory cannot be taken very seriously because the standard account of human nature and origin is dependent on interwoven interpretation that has exceeded far from the fundamental principles of science. In essence, in order to account for the meaning of life, one must not choose modern science over religion or religion over modern science. Having one theory over the other does not manifest to the ultimate question of the meaning of life. Instead, we must link the two frameworks, divine nature and creator into a unified system. In Cottinghams words, we â€Å"must leave the door open for the theist as indeed it does for the atheist. † For where modern science can be longer contribute its findings to the meaning of life, religious language ascends from it bringing significance and value to human life. Beckie Chung Dreaming of the Earth 4 November, 2007 Cottingham, John. On The Meaning of Life. New Fetter Lane: Routledge, 2003.

Voting Rights of Prisoners

Voting Rights of Prisoners How would you feel if you got your rights taken away from you because you did something bad? Its like saying them boys across the street said a bad word in public and now they cant talk no more. This is how felons feel about getting their voting rights taking away from them. Saying bad words isnt all that bad depending on what word or words him or her would say. Getting him or hers first amendment right taken away is completely uncalled for. Now putting him or her in detention or some kind of punishment for saying a bad word is completely understandable. Using foul language isnt that bad depending on what your using it for and how your using it. For instince say a man was cursing at his truck because it wouldnt start and a police officer over heard him and he got his 1st Amendment right taken away just because of that and he got put in jail because of that and he did his jail time and served what he had to serve for what he did and he never got his rights restored back to him. Restoring the rights of individuals who have served their time and re-entered society is the right thing to do (Virginia governor restoring felons). The situation with the man and his truck is very realatabel to the quote because the man served his times and did everything he had to do and he never got his rights back and the right thing to do is to give it back to him since he served his time. Restoring voting rights lessens ex-prisoners stigma and helps them rejoin their communities and reducing the risk of recidivism(Restore voting rights for felons whove done their time. ) Restoring a ex-convicts voting rights helps them rejoin their communties and not feel like a outsider or a criminal no more. Doing him or hers time for for the crime that they did and getting their voting rights taken away from them is not understandable because they did their time that they had to do so they could get their voting rights back. A 20 year old man was racing his car and he got caught by the cops and he got a ticket for racing and he had to do comuntiy service for a month also and he could not drive his car for one month. After he got done with community service for one month he asked if he could get his car back from the law and the law said no even though he served his time for what he did. In Alabama, Felons Face Difficult Road To Regaining Voting Rights. (For millions of Americans, being convicted of a crime means they can no longer vote. ) The 20 year old man was convicted of a crime and if he is he can no longer Should ex-convicts have the right to vote? Maryland now says yes.(When you cant vote, you dont have a seat at the table, he said. Obviously, theyve made mistakes, but these are our family members, our friends, our neighbors. These folks pay taxes) When the man wants to vote but he can not because of what happened he is going to probably be angry. Even when the man did his community service he was still not allowed to get his car back or vote. Getting your voting rights taken up is bad even when you are really political and when you want to choose who is going to be your leader of your country. When a man or a women is very political they can get into real detail about everything. Even when it comes to rights they can get all into it. Should ex-convicts have the right to vote? Maryland now says yes?(You cant leave 40,000 people out of the conversation on subject matters that directly and indirectly impact them.) Leaving all your community out that has done bad things is bad because it can impact them bad by them looking at everyone and them not being there and making the ones that had their voting rights taken up feeling like outsiders. Should ex- convicts have the right to vote? Maryland now says yes(When you cant vote, you dont have a seat at the table,) Everyone needs their right to vote so they can vote for who they want to vote for. Everyone needs their voting rights in the country they live in so hey can vote who their leadear will be espically if you done what time you served and how did it. Your voting rights are yours and they will remain yours. But if your ex-convict and you served your time you should get your voting rights back because you served what you have done. Therefore the ex-convicts should get there voting rights back because they have served their time for what they did. References Chen, Cathaleen. Should ex-convicts have the right to vote? Maryland now says yes. Christian Science Monitor, 9 Feb. 2016. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA442852435it=rasid=2322ae6c427fa5d5087830d035cba82f. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017. In Alabama, Felons Face Difficult Road To Regaining Voting Rights. All Things Considered, 15 Feb. 2016. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA444342339it=rasid=04f0f656a3bb7eddb47bf0185ac388f3. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017 Restore voting rights for felons whove done their time. USA Today, 9 May 2016, p. 07A. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA451977993it=rasid=959ae03d3dc24734458862593b6277f1. Accessed 3 Feb. 2017 Virginia governor restoring felons voting rights one by one after court rejects order. UPI News Current, 22 Aug. 2016. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA461270523it=rasid=0ae7f0f1ece9f72c3bdd85807432ab56. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017.

Humour and Conflict in the scene in which Rita and Barbara Clash from Billy Liar :: Billy Liar Keith Waterhouse Plays Essays

Humour and Conflict in the scene in which Rita and Barbara Clash from Billy Liar Task: ‘Explain how both humour and conflict are created in the scene in which Rita and Barbara clash’ Billy liar is set in 1959, at the time of the teenage rebellion and the start of the swinging sixties. This is reflected in the play because there are still some ‘old Fashioned’ People around i.e. Barbara, which tells me that the ‘new age’ hasn’t affected some people yet. And there are also people like Liz who are really taking to the new style of living. Where the play is set and where the family live tells me that they are quite a ordinary, boring family, if they lived in the middle of the country I would perceive them as being quite adventurous, Billy wants to move out of this normal place because he is not normal, with his strange imagination and random unneeded lies. The furniture in the house is of dreadful taste and the rooms are very over done which tells me that Billy’s parents are not very imaginative which is a contrast of Billy. Billy likes to tell stories that sometimes he wishes were true like when he tells his dad Geoffrey that he had been offered a job in London, I think that this story is bringing up the part of his personality that makes him unable to face reality. He also makes up stories just for the sake of it. For example when he tells Barbara that he had a sister but she died but then covered it up by saying that his parents never talk about it. I think that Billy is a desperate teenager who just engaged to Barbara and Rita so that he could have sex with them and when he found out that Barbara wouldn’t have sex till they were married he tried to make her split up with him by telling her that he had been lying to her. He starts this conversation when he says â€Å"Barbara, I’m glad you asked me that question. About my sister.† I think that when Billy is with Liz he acts more truthfully and doesn’t seem to make stories when he’s with her or when he does she can make him come out with the truth. I know this because Liz says â€Å"(changing the subject) How’s everything with you? How’s the script-writing? How’s the book coming along?† then Billy replies â€Å"(enthusiastically.) Oh, I’ve finished it. It’s going to be published next Christmas. (She gives him a long, steady look.) I haven’t published it yet. The build up to the scene where Rita and Barbara clash starts ever

Essay Comparing Beowulf and A Knights Tale :: comparison compare contrast essays

Comparing Beowulf and A Knight's Tale In the stories of Beowulf and A Knight's Tale, there are many different themes. One of the major themes is the religion that runs through both of them, yet both stories have a very different view of religion. In Beowulf, it seems as if God has chosen where our life will end and where it will begin, everything happens by the will of God in a fair and just way. In The Knight's Tale, we see Greek gods playing with the characters and when they "play" with them, there is no real pattern to how they choose things. Each vies is different and this affects the stories in different ways. Beowulf has multiple references to God and how God chooses what happens in his life. For example on the very first page of the story (Beowulf, 27) we see that God saw the need for a king so he sent a king to the Danes. This shows us that God is able to see his people and in a fair and just way he sends them a much needed king. Later on, we see how God punishes those who go against his will. On page 29 we read that Grendel is from Cain. For the eternal Lord avenged the killing of Abel. He took no delight in that feud, but banished Cain from humanity because of his crime. From Cain were hatched all evil progenies: ogres, hobgoblins, and monsters, not to mention the giants who fought so long against God - for which they suffered due retribution. (Beowulf, 29) This shows that for Cain's sin of killing Abel, he receives a just punishment not only to him but also to his "offspring." Also in Beowulf, God decides when people will die in advance. This is shown many times by Beowulf himself. For example, every time Beowulf is faced with a major battle, he always goes in with the faith that if it is God's will, he will be brought out alive. Also, God must give him the victory because he cannot win it by himself. "Tonight we will do without weapons ... God in His wisdom must allot the victory as He thinks fit.

Leadership Approaches

Leadership implies the ability to guide, direct, or influence people. In a certain family owned coffee plantation, the need arose for a quick decision on enlisting the company into the stock exchange. Given its rising fortunes, future prospects and need to acquire addition expansion capital, this was a good move. But this is a family-owned business, and selling its shares to the public might amount to selling the family’s fortune away. The first son who had the running of the company under his hands had to take the decision. He was not a professional in the business, so he called for two separate meetings of the company board and the family. Having heard collectively, he was able to sell 50% of the company shares to the public, leaving 50% to the family members, discretionary rights to buy as much of the public offers as they are able. Groups  of  people  living in bands have no formal leadership, and all people have input in making group decisions. Most decision-making in tribes occurs within households. Occasionally, most or all members of lineages or clans convene to make important village decisions, such as about dealing with neighboring tribes. Descent groups may also regulate access to crucial resources, such as favored hunting areas, and choose where people will live. (Bodley, 2006) According to Max de Pree  (1924  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  ), the best management process for today's environment is participative management based on covenantal relationships. Industrial Management, in business, is a term used to describe the techniques and expertise of efficient organization, planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. Industrial management and the managerial grid Thus the style approach tends to analyze the individuals involved and see how best to harness their collective contributions to realizing the collective company goals. This is explained below: Technical: The technical ingenuity of an individual alone can not accomplish the required task and as such technical expertise is best utilized in team work, especial at the middle and supervisory levels. Human: The Human Resources of a skilled employer depends on training. For the top levels, this is most essential because it defines the course the company has to follow. Also, for the supervisory and middle level, an average proficiency is needed. Conceptual: the conceptual power of the middle level brings up growth while that of the top level drives this growth and ensures its sustenance. The managerial grid simply defines a hierarchy of flow of management in a leadership set-up. It clearly defines positions of authority and responsibility by all involved. A managerial grid, which consists of the CEO as the boss, includes the administrative, finance, operational and marketing management is it line of responsibilities. Work flows progressively, with each division taking decisions it is well vested on or its line of duty. Major decisions are taken by the board comprising of the CEO and managers. This enables the company to take sound and fair decisions which is responsive to the general interest of the company’s sustenance. In the theory of industrial management, organization has two principal aspects. One relates to the establishment of so-called lines of responsibility, drawn usually in the form of an organization chart that designates the executives of the business, from the president to the foreperson or department head, and specifies the functions for which they are responsible. The other principal aspect relates to the development of a staff of qualified executives. The Managing Director or CEO is the most senior manager of a company. The managing director is responsible for the day-to-day running of the company, but has a seat on the board of directors. The managing director may also be the chairman of the company, but in large companies the role of chairman is usually separate from that of managing director. He works with the Board of Directors or a group of directors elected by stockholders at the annual general meeting of a company to supervise the running of the company. Executive directors are managers of a company, working full time and with salaries paid by the company. Nonexecutive directors have no management position and are likely to look after the affairs of the company on a part-time basis. The  top  managers  of  a corporation are appointed or dismissed by a corporation’s board of directors, which represents stockholders’ interests. However, in practice, the board of directors is often made up of people who were nominated by the top managers of the company. Members of the board of directors are elected by a majority of voting stockholders, but most stockholders vote for the nominees recommended by the current board members. Stockholders can also vote by proxy—a process in which they authorize someone else, usually the current board, to decide how to vote for them. Businesses  rely  on  effective human resource management (HRM) to ensure that they hire and keep good employees and that they are able to respond to conflicts between workers and management. HRM specialists initially determine the number and type of employees that a business will need over its first few years of operation. They are then responsible for recruiting new employees to replace those who leave and for filling newly created positions. A business’s HRM division also trains or arranges for the training of its staff to encourage worker productivity, efficiency, and satisfaction, and to promote the overall success of the business. Finally, human resource managers create workers’ compensation plans and benefit packages for employees. Planning in industrial management has three principal aspects. One is the establishment of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials, and supplies; and accounting. The second aspect relates to the implementation of these policies by departments. The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision and guidance by the executive in authority; in this connection a distinction is generally made between top management, which is essentially administrative in nature, and operative management, which is concerned with the direct execution of policy. Control involves the use of records and reports to compare performance with the established standards for work. Industrial management as just defined dates from the latter part of the 19th century. A notable impetus to its evolution was provided by the American engineer Frederick Taylor, who developed techniques for analyzing the operations involved in production and for setting standards for a day's work. The techniques originally devised by Taylor were adapted by industrialists to other phases of business, including the employment of qualified workers, and wage incentive programs either to replace or to supplement the piecework system that had previously prevailed. Industrial management experts who succeeded Taylor have applied his techniques to a wider range of business problems. Among the leading successors are the Austrian-American management consultant and educator Peter Drucker and the American economist, writer, and diplomat John Kenneth Galbraith. New  explanations  and  fresh policies were urgently required; this was precisely what Keynes supplied. In his enduring work The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, the central message translates into two powerful propositions. (1) Existing explanations of unemployment he declared to be nonsense: Neither high prices nor high wages could explain persistent depression and mass unemployment. (2) Instead, he proposed an alternative explanation of these phenomena focused on what he termed aggregate demand—that is, the total spending of consumers, business investors, and governmental bodies. When aggregate demand is low, he theorized, sales and jobs suffer; when it is high, all is well and prosperous. From  these  generalities flowed a powerful and comprehensive view of economic behavior—the basis of contemporary macroeconomics. Because consumers were limited in the amounts that they could spend by the size of their incomes, they could not be the source of the ups and downs of the business cycle. It followed that the dynamic forces were business investors and governments. In a recession or depression, the proper thing to do was either to enlarge private investment or create public substitutes for the shortfalls in private investment. In mild economic contractions, easy credit and low interest rates (monetary policy) might stimulate business investments and restore aggregate demand to a figure consistent with full employment. More severe contractions required the sterner remedy of deliberate budget deficits either in the form of spending on public works or subsidies to afflicted groups. Some  big  corporations established overseas operations and became multinational. Producers in the United States depended on world markets to buy oil, iron, steel, and food that they exported. They also increased their overseas investments. Standard Oil (later Exxon), for instance, developed oil resources in Venezuela and the Middle East. Coca-Cola swept through Europe, where it set up bottling factories. New types of bureaucrats ran the big businesses of postwar America. In The Organization Man (1956), sociologist William H. Whyte wrote that employers sought managers who would adapt to corporate culture, which rewarded teamwork and conformity. The essential characteristic of the behavioral approach to learning is that events in the environment are understood to predict a person’s behavior, not thoughts, feelings, or other events that take place inside the person. Strict behaviorists believe that it is dangerous and unscientific to treat thoughts and feelings as the causes of a person’s behavior, because no one can see another person’s thoughts or feelings. Behaviorists maintain that human learning can be explained by examining the stimuli, reinforces, and punishments that a person experiences. According to behaviorists, reinforcement and punishment, along with other basic principles such as generalization and discrimination, can explain even the most advanced types of human learning, such as learning to read or to solve complex problems. Conclusion In the situation described above, the head of the family coffee company simply executed collective leadership. The leader behavior thus makes sense when you realize the amount of gains that has been added to the company based on this sharp approach. This supports the leadership theory described and it has helped me to understand my feelings and behavior in this particular situation. Business  plays  a  vital role in the life and culture of countries with industrial and postindustrial (service- and information-based) free-market economies such as the United States. In free-market systems, prices and wages are primarily determined by competition, not by governments. In the United States, for example, many people buy and sell goods and services as their primary occupations. In 2001 American companies sold in excess of $10 trillion worth of goods and services. Businesses provide just about anything consumers want or need, including basic necessities such as food and housing, luxuries such as whirlpool baths and wide-screen televisions, and even personal services such as caring for children and finding companionship. A typical example of a non-collective leadership is in a one-man business. The Entrepreneur thus is one who assumes the responsibility and the risk for a business operation with the expectation of making a profit. The entrepreneur generally decides on the product, acquires the facilities, and brings together the labor force, capital, and production materials. If the business succeeds, the entrepreneur reaps the reward of profits; if it fails, he or she takes the loss. In his writings, the Austrian-American economist Joseph A. Schumpeter stressed the role of the entrepreneur as an innovator, the person who develops a new product, a new market, or a new means of production. One important example was Henry Ford. In the industrialized economies of the late 20th century, giant corporations and conglomerates have largely replaced the individual owner-operator. There is still a place for the entrepreneur, however, in small businesses as well as in the developing economies of the Third World nations. (Redmond, 2006) References Bodley, John H. â€Å"Culture.† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Dryzek, John. â€Å"Political Science† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Redmond, WA â€Å"Entrepreneur.† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Redmond, WA â€Å"Industrial Management.† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 Redmond, WA â€Å"Invention (device or process).† Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006

Human Development Essay

Human development is marked by different stages and milestones over the lifespan. It is expressed over three domains: physical, cognitive and socio/emotional. While human physical and cognitive development is universal, socio/emotional definitions and development vary from culture to culture. The various stages of human development include the prenatal period, infancy, toddler hood, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, middle adulthood and late adulthood. Each stage is marked by milestones in physical, cognitive, and socio/emotional development. The theorist that investigated about middle adulthood was Erik Erickson. Erikson observed that middle-age is when we tend to be occupied with creative and meaningful work and with issues surrounding our family. Also, middle adulthood is when we can expect to â€Å"be in charge,† the role we’ve longer envied. The significant task is to perpetuate culture and transmit values of the culture through the family and working to establish a stable environment. Strength comes through care of others and production of something that contributes to the betterment of society, which Erikson calls generativity, so when individual in this stage they often fear inactivity and meaninglessness. As children leave home, or relationships or goals change, they may be faced with major life changes—the mid-life crisis—and struggle with finding new meanings and purposes. If adults do not n get through this stage successfully, they become self-absorbed and stagnate. The main features of midlife refer to the transformation and progress on physical, cognitive/intellect and social domains. Changes are also evident on expertise and personality. Physical change is the most gradual. Such changes include, atrophy of muscles, slower metabolism, skin elasticity and dryness, wrinkles, slow growth of nail and hair and baldness. These changes also facilitate the decrease in height, increase in weight and decrease in bone density, strength and immunity, vision and hearing and decrease in kidney function and cardiac output. The greatest lost in this domain since physical factors are the primary source of sensory and motor functioning. The changes in physical attributes are generally characterized by menopause in women and andropause in men. Menopause is when the body stops ovulating and producing estrogen and gradual decline in testosterone levels. These physical changes are emphasized of the double-standard of aging. Men become more distinguished and women become old. Cognitive changes has to do with the way humans perceive and experience the world and deals with issues like memory, thinking and decision-making processes and concept comprehension. During middle adulthood, humans are experts at problem solving, although they begin to experience some signs of decline with speed in processing and recall. The lost mainly focuses the ability to perform tasks unlike the agility that they could exert when they are much younger. Many are losing confidence on performing the same task because their IQ or memory won’t allow them to do so. Social changes are wherein the individuals became more aware of his being, his worth and his surrounding. They become more aware of their own mortality, the passing time and the seriousness of the physical decline. The gain is the opportunity to identify you with others and contribute time to the community. Social changes has to do with how an individual is able to handle emotions, relationships, social situations, and the various roles demanded of them by society. Some aspect of Socio/Emotional standards, such as social expectations, relationships, and roles vary from culture to culture. The implication of middle adulthood to social work practice basically refers to the familiarity of the social worker to the journey of the service-users towards reaching that stage of life. The social worker may find difficulty in dealing with them especially when he or she has no idea where his or her clients’ concerns and issues are coming from. Their assistance would be feasible if they can recognize the role that culture plays on the process of. Middle adulthood is met with the psychological and emotional challenges of facing the mid-life crisis, and a life analysis and inventory is taken. During this stage of lifespan, adults encounter changing roles that families face. Firstly in terms of career and work. Adults most often choose to go to college for work-related purposes. Many employers require workers to attain certain levels of education in order to qualify for promotions due to globalization. some adults may change career fearing the consequence of losing jobs while Others go to college to learn new skills in preparation for another career. Some, adults may also return to college simply for personal enrichment. â€Å"The role of work , whether one works in a full time career, part time job or as a homemaker, is central during middle adulthood†(Santrock,2009,p490). As adults reach their peak position in earning, they are saddled with multiple financial burdens including rent, mortgage, medical bills, and children tuition. These competing demands hinder the middle adulthood to further to career progress. They decide whether to change jobs or career, or rebalance family and work or plan for retirement. Having some knowledge about human lifespan development is beneficial for many reasons. It increases self-awareness and understanding, which helps with life planning. If a female is aware of the stages of her physical development, for example, she will know that her natural childbearing years are limited. If she wants to have children, she can use family planning to make choices about her education, career and mate to support this goal. Additionally, this knowledge can be helpful for improving relationships and interpersonal communication and resolving conflicts.

Parenting Styles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Parenting Styles - Research Paper Example 11). The excitement that accompanies parenthood makes it incomparable to any other events or experiences in life. Regardless of one’s levels of frustrations in life, children and parenting will always be a source of indefinite love, making it important that one appreciates every opportunity at parenthood. Parenting gives parents not only the opportunity to possess powers over their children but also makes them possess hitherto unachieved levels of tolerance and self-esteem. In this regard, parenting makes one realize and recognize his/her abilities in ways never imaged or thought before. For instance, one may come to appreciate his/her abilities to shape and influences other peoples’ lives through parenting (Brooks, 2011 P. 3). Executing parental duties is therefore a privilege that one should enjoy and it is for the above reasons that I would become a parent. Although parents have quite a number of duties and responsibilities as far as bringing up their children is concerned, some of the parental duties are more crucial to the life a child than others are. One such parenting job is to train the children to be obedient to the society by breaking them of their wills. It is not the role of a parent to please a child by allowing the child’s will to prevail. Instead, a parent should train his/her child to follow the will not only of the parent but also of the authorities and society. Allowing a child to follow his/her wish and resolve only results in disobedience. Parents should therefore instill in their children, the excellence of obedience and how it pleases the parent, community, the government, and God to be obedient (Brooks, 2011 P. 8). The other crucial job for parents is to keep their children as far away from evil company as possible. In fact, bad company is one of the most undoing dangers to children in the modern society, bo th at home and at school. Parents

Discusses a topical or current issue in microeconomics Essay

Discusses a topical or current issue in microeconomics - Essay Example Microsoft Corporation recently launched its latest innovation of the surface tablet at Windows 8 launch event with the aim of competing Google Inc and Apple Inc that are currently the main players in the computing market (Desai 46). Microsoft is attempting to reinvent the Windows personal computer in a new format to challenge Apple’s iPAD. It has twice the amount of storage capacity as the iPAD and costs the same price. The 32 GB Surface costs $499 while the full-sized iPAD of 16GB costs the same price. During its launch, Panos Panay, the head of the project demonstrated the tablet features such as the ultra thin cover that doubles up as the key board. He also dropped it on the floor to demonstrate its durability (Benassy-Quere 48). The question is to whether this innovation will convince consumers in this highly challenging economic time. According to Temi Reller, the finance and marketing director of Windows, 40 million licences of Windows 8 licences were sold in the first month. However, according to NPD research, Windows PC sales have dropped despite the release of the surface tablet (Desai 48). The sales have dropped by 21% by the 21st of October 2012 as compared to the 11th of November the previous year. The demand for windows 8 has not been commendable at all as remarked Asus CFO David Chang. In fact, Microsoft has had to reduce its order for Windows 8 down from four million to two million. During the time of Windows 7, it accounted to about 83% of PC sales. Today, only 58% of windows buyers opt for Windows 8. Despite the discrepancies, most marketers have elicited faith in the sales of these tablets. IHS iSuppli predicts over one million sales of the surface tablets in the last quarter of this year. In fact, the firm estimates a 1.3 million sale. It is undoubtedly a tough way forward for Microsoft to gain ground in the tablet market (Neely 46). The law of demand is experienced in

Consumer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Consumer - Essay Example The financial system performs the overall function of moving money between savers and borrowers and this allows people to transfer their ability to use money to transform the world through time and space. (Shavinina 2003, p. 530) The financial system interacts with real economic activity through its various functions by which it facilitates economic exchange. What is the significance of this system for consumers, one may ask. The financial system plays an important role in mobilizing funds in such a way that they are transformed into assets that better meet the needs of individuals as investors and as consumers. A specific example is when financial intermediaries facilitate portfolio diversification. Here, resources are transferred across time and space, allowing investors and consumers to borrow against future income and meet current needs. Financial systems also have existing mechanisms that are pivotal in developing pricing information. This information such as the appraisal of the value of companies allows investors to make informed decisions in regard to how they allocate their money. A market that is plagued by information imperfection will result to an imbalance in the quantity and quality of investment hurting an economy’s potential. In regard to financial institutions such as banks, they perform various functions within the financial system, including the use of technological infrastructure to profitably and reliably deliver services and so extend the institutional trust upon which the financial system depends. A particularly important role played by financial institution is how they ease the tension between a saver’s preference for liquidity and the entrepreneurs’ requirement for long-term financing. Because of this, wrote Nnadozie, at any given level of saving, an efficient financial system will allow for a higher level of investment by maximizing the proportion of saving that actually finances investment. (p.

The Clinical Issue of Patient Handover Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Clinical Issue of Patient Handover - Essay Example (2007). Patient-Centered Perspectives on Communication and Handover between the Emergency Department and General Internal Medicine. At the end of the introduction, the author is trying to tell us that errors in caregiving can have side effects. The methods used are listed in a separate section as follow up questions, where they are exposed importantly. The method of focus groups is compatible with the naturalistic paradigm of qualitative research. The research direction is used, though not mentioned in the introduction. It would be justified to assume a lack of flow in the research in connection with the absence of such necessary information in a research paper. The research addresses the following questions: What are the procedures for patients hand over? Who is responsible for the recording and paperwork of the process? How private is the handed over information about the patient? Are there legal practices that are observed? In the introduction to the literature review, the author shows that previous studies have shown that the reduction of staff may increase the adverse effects for the patient. The topics include personnel expenses, the food, the risk of malnutrition, the benefits of walking and problems after discharge. Items and results are described and presented in a logical and organized manner. The results that were missing in the questions follow the framework of the education and training Studies. There are no items included as a visual aid to complete the research findings. The materials used are mainly nursing journals and other primary sources. Numerous topics including creation of  a stable framework for this study. A research gap was identified for nursing as a career field. The author shows the need for further studies in this area. The data collection procedures are clearly indicated in the section on the data analysis, and other researchers could easily replicate it. Topics and results are described and presented in a logical and